精萃外刊:中国商业航天加速追赶SpaceX
作者：微信文章♥♠♣♦原文出处：
《华尔街日报》
♥♠♣♦原文标题：
China Takes Aim At SpaceX’s Lead In Rocket Launches
♥♠♣♦原文作者：
Clarence Leong Singapore
♥♠♣♦精萃导读：
新萃界，为您萃精彩，陪您知世界。中国商业航天加速追赶SpaceX，行业发展如火如荼。从至少6枚设计可复用火箭计划首飞，到商业发射场成功运营，再到政府与地方巨额资金注入私企，一系列举措彰显了中国商业航天的雄心，未来值得关注。
♥♠♣♦精萃文稿：
Passage 1: China is pushing its commercial space industry to grow in a bid to close the gap with Elon Musk’s SpaceX. At least six Chinese rockets designed with reusability in mind are planned to have maiden flights this year. Last November, the country’s first commercial launch site began operating. Beijing and local governments are giving private-sector companies cash injections of billions of dollars. 中文翻译：中国正推动其商业航天产业发展，以缩小与埃隆·马斯克的SpaceX公司的差距。今年，至少有六枚考虑到可重复使用性而设计的中国火箭计划进行首次飞行。去年11月，中国首个商业发射场开始运营。北京和地方政府正为私营企业注入数十亿美元的资金。
Passage 2: The rise of these companies is the latest step in Beijing’s longstanding effort to build up an indigenous space industry that isn’t dependent on Western technology. “If China continues to nurture this bloated state-driven industry, the success story of the space industry as we know it is going to be rewritten,” said Tian Yi, founder of consulting firm Ultimate Blue. 中文翻译：这些公司的兴起是北京长期致力于建立不依赖西方技术的本土航天产业的最新举措。“如果中国继续扶持这个庞大的国家驱动型产业，我们所熟知的航天产业的成功故事将被改写，”极致蓝咨询公司创始人田毅说。
Passage 3: The undisturbed rocket launch by SpaceX, which single-handedly accounted for more than half the world’s orbital launches last year, has a reusable first stage, which it lands upright, and allows for a rare meeting with tech CEOs and other executives in February, said he wanted a competitive private sector driving growth and innovation in a formula now being applied in the space industry.
中文翻译：SpaceX公司去年独自完成了世界上一半以上的轨道发射，其不受干扰的火箭发射拥有可重复使用的第一级，能垂直着陆，并在2月与科技公司首席执行官和其他高管举行了一次罕见的会议。会上表示，他希望有一个具有竞争力的私营部门以一种目前正应用于航天产业的模式来推动增长和创新。
Passage 4: The boss of GalaxySpace, a satellite manufacturer, was among the corporate chiefs. China opened up the space industry to private companies in 2014 and mentioned the sector as a business for the first time last year in the government’s annual report to its priorities. SpaceX’s success has helped persuade potential investors that the industry has a viable future, said one officer of Chinese rocket startup iSpace. “It’s also served to bring people from other industries to work on space-related businesses.”
中文翻译：卫星制造商银河航天的老板是企业负责人之一。中国于2014年向私营企业开放航天产业，并在去年政府的年度优先事项报告中首次将该行业提及为一项业务。中国火箭创业公司iSpace的一位高管表示，SpaceX的成功有助于说服潜在投资者，该行业有一个可行的未来。“它还有助于吸引其他行业的人从事与太空相关的业务。”
Passage 5: Once a predominantly military and scientific domain, space plays a growing role for commercial businesses. Its most-reused rocket booster has flown 26 times. The company has more than 7,000 Starlink satellites in orbit and an October plan to launch a huge booster it uses for its Starship vehicle on the first attempt, although it lost the Starship spacecraft in its latest test flight in March.
中文翻译：太空曾经主要是军事和科学领域，如今在商业领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。其最常重复使用的火箭助推器已经飞行了26次。该公司有7000多颗星链卫星在轨道上，并计划在10月首次尝试发射其用于星际飞船的巨大助推器，尽管在3月的最新一次测试飞行中它失去了星际飞船。
Passage 6: Makers of smartphones and other devices when outside normal cell-range. LandSpace Technology, founded by a former chip-startup founder, is a leading Chinese private space company that has launched a world’s first in 2023 when it launched a rocket fueled by liquid oxygen and methane, the same propellant later used in SpaceX’s Starship. Another company is planning to test whether it can recover the booster of its Nebula-1 rocket after an orbital flight, an officer said. It aims to operate a suborbital flight for space tourists in 2027 and has sold tickets at more than $100,000 apiece.
中文翻译：智能手机和其他设备的制造商（在信号超出正常手机范围时）。由一位前芯片初创公司创始人创立的蓝箭航天技术有限公司是中国领先的私营航天公司，它在2023年发射了世界上第一枚以液氧和甲烷为燃料的火箭，这种推进剂后来也被用于SpaceX公司的星际飞船。另一家公司正计划测试其星云-1火箭的助推器在轨道飞行后是否能够回收。该公司的目标是在2027年为太空游客提供亚轨道飞行服务，并且已经以每张超过10万美元的价格出售了门票。
Passage 7: “Chinese companies could catch up to SpaceX by 2030.”-Blaine Curcio, founder of Orbital Gateway Consulting. “China has at least two competitors to SpaceX’s Starship, called Guowang and iSpace’s Star-1.” An officer of the Blue Aero-Space, described SpaceX’s Falcon 9 as a mentor for the industry. “There’s still a lot of work for China to do to catch up with the world-leading edge,” he said.
中文翻译：中国公司到2030年能够赶上SpaceX公司”。——轨道网关咨询公司的创始人布莱恩·柯西奥说。“中国至少有两个与SpaceX公司的星际飞船竞争的项目，分别是国望和星际荣耀的星-1。”——蓝色航天公司的官员将SpaceX公司的猎鹰9号描述为该行业的引领者。“中国要赶上世界领先水平还有很多工作要做，”他说。
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