德国的 Bausparen 和 Bausparkasse

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Bausparen是德国的一种特殊的储蓄和贷款制度，旨在帮助人们购买、改建或翻修房屋。它由Bausparkasse（建房储蓄银行）管理。以下是Bausparen的基本工作原理：

1. 储蓄阶段：在这个阶段，Bausparer（即参与者）向他们的Bausparkasse定期存款，直到他们达到所谓的Bausparsumme的一部分（通常是40%-50%）。这个Bausparsumme是在合同开始时确定的总金额，它包括储蓄和未来的贷款。

2. 贷款阶段：一旦达到所需的储蓄额，Bausparer有权获得一笔低利率贷款，以完成Bausparsumme的余额。这个贷款必须用于购买、翻修或改建房屋。

Bausparkasse的运营方式是通过汇集所有Bausparer的储蓄，并将这些资金作为贷款提供给那些已经完成储蓄阶段的Bausparer。这是一个固定的公平系统，因为所有的Bausparer都按照相同的规则进行储蓄和借款。

Bausparen的一个主要优势是，它提供了计划性和安全性。Bausparer在合同开始时就知道他们需要储蓄多少钱，他们将获得多少贷款，以及贷款的利率。这意味着没有市场利率风险。此外，如果Bausparer的经济情况发生变化，他们可以调整存款或在一定的限度内提前偿还贷款。

同时，它还有助于公平地分配住房贷款，因为所有Bausparer都有权获得贷款，无论他们的收入或财富情况如何。这在很大程度上解决了住房贷款的分配问题。

然而，Bausparen也有一些缺点，比如储蓄阶段可能会持续很长时间，且贷款额度相对较低。此外，虽然Bausparkassen通常提供比市场更低的贷款利率，但他们的储蓄利率也通常比市场低。

总的来说，Bausparen是德国住房融资体系的重要组成部分，提供了一种稳定和可预测的方式来储蓄和借款购房。

德国有好多Bausparkasse，其中美因茨住房储蓄银行的 HausPlus 计划 刚刚获得了 ntv 和 FMH 联合评定的 “最佳住房储蓄率” 奖。


有需求的朋友可以去银行官网看看。

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Bausparen and Bausparkasse in Germany

Bausparen is a special savings and loan system in Germany designed to help people purchase, renovate or refurbish homes. It is managed by Bausparkassen, which are housing savings banks. The basic working principle of Bausparen is as follows:

1. Savings phase: During this phase, Bausparer (i.e. participants) make regular deposits to their Bausparkasse until they reach a portion of the so-called Bausparsumme (usually 40% to 50%). This Bausparsumme is the total amount determined at the start of the contract, including savings and future loans.

2. Loan phase: Once the required savings amount is reached, Bausparer are entitled to receive a low-interest loan to cover the remaining balance of the Bausparsumme. This loan must be used to purchase, renovate or refurbish a home.

The Bausparkasse operates by pooling all Bausparer's savings and providing these funds as loans to those Bausparer who have completed the savings phase. It is a fixed and fair system since all Bausparer save and take out loans according to the same rules.

One major advantage of Bausparen is that it provides planning and security. Bausparer know at the start of the contract how much they need to save, how much loan they will receive and the interest rate of the loan. This means there is no market interest rate risk. Additionally, if a Bausparer's financial situation changes, they can adjust their savings or repay the loan early within certain limits.

At the same time, it also helps to distribute housing loans fairly because all Bausparer are entitled to receive loans regardless of their income or wealth. It largely addresses the issue of housing loan distribution.

However, Bausparen also has some disadvantages such as the savings phase that may last a long time and the relatively low loan amount. Additionally, although Bausparkassen usually offer lower loan interest rates than the market rate, their savings rates are also typically lower than the market rate.

Overall, Bausparen is an important part of the German housing finance system, providing a stable and predictable way to save and borrow to purchase homes.

There are many Bausparkassen in Germany, and the HausPlus plan of Mainz Housing Savings Bank has just won the "Best Housing Saving Rate" award from ntv and FMH. Interested friends can visit the bank's official website for more information.
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