转载 | 科技日报文章:“一带一路”联合实验室系列报道①:中希合作搭建文保技术交流平台

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科技日报记者 李林旭 王小龙

时钟拨回到2019年，当地时间11月12日，国家主席习近平和夫人彭丽媛在希腊时任总统帕夫洛普洛斯夫妇陪同下，参观了雅典卫城博物馆。

三层帕特农神庙展厅，博物馆工作人员向习近平主席展示先进的文物激光修复技术。

“中希两国都拥有大量文化遗产，双方可以在修复和保护重要文化历史遗产方面加强合作。”习近平主席嘱咐。

During his state visit to Greece in 2019, Chinese President Xi Jinping and then President of Greece Prokopis Pavlopoulos visited the Acropolis Museum in Athens.

Xi said that China and Greece, both boasting abundant cultural heritages, can strengthen cooperation in the preservation and restoration of important historical and cultural heritages.



共同需求促双方结缘

当年在现场展示文物激光修复技术的博物馆工作人员就是科斯塔斯·瓦西利亚迪斯。时隔六年多，如今已是雅典卫城博物馆藏品修复部主任的他，回忆起当年情景，仍历历在目。

At that time, a museum staff member demonstrated advanced laser restoration technology for cultural relics to the guests. The staff member was Costas Vasiliadis. Six years later, he, now head of the Conservation Department and Casts at the Acropolis Museum, still remembers the scene vividly.

“我当时在对一位哲学家半身像进行激光清洗，介绍了雅典卫城博物馆和希腊电子结构与激光研究所在文物保护领域的最新技术。”瓦西利亚迪斯告诉科技日报记者，“这次参观对我们加强与故宫博物院的合作具有决定性意义。”

"I demonstrated laser cleaning on a philosopher's bust and introduced the contemporary approach of the Acropolis Museum and of the Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser (IESL) to conservation," Vasiliadis told Science and Technology Daily.

"What remains particularly memorable for me is the genuine and engaged interest shown by both presidents in the practical aspects of conservation," Vasiliadis added. "The visit was also decisive in strengthening our cooperation with the Palace Museum."

十个月后，中国—希腊文物保护技术“一带一路”联合实验室（以下简称“联合实验室”）启动建设。联合实验室的中方牵头单位为故宫博物院，希方牵头单位是希腊研究与技术基金会旗下的希腊电子结构与激光研究所。

Ten months later, the China-Greece Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Cultural Heritage Conservation Technology was launched for establishment. Its Chinese leading unit is the Palace Museum, and the Greek leading unit is IESL under the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH).

“两大古老文明的相互吸引力，文物保护的共同需求，还有不可思议的奇妙缘分，让中希双方自然而然地走到一起。”谈及双方结识和合作的缘由及过程，故宫博物院原副院长、联合实验室主任赵国英如数家珍。

"The mutual attraction between two ancient civilizations, the shared need for cultural heritage conservation, and a wonderful serendipity naturally brought the Chinese and Greek sides together." When discussing the process of their acquaintance and cooperation, Zhao Guoying, former deputy director of the Palace Museum and director of the joint lab, recounted the details with great clarity.

直到今天，她依然清晰地记得2023年第一次率团赴联合实验室的希方合作机构希腊电子结构与激光研究所访问交流的场景。

“那一天，蓝天白云。在洁白的希腊研究与技术基金会大楼前，希方专门悬挂了五星红旗，迎接中方代表团的到来。”赵国英回忆道，在随后召开的座谈交流会上，希腊合作方悉数出席，各方就实验室建设发展和文物保护技术合作，进行了深入探讨。

She vividly remembers the scene of her team's first visit to the IESL in 2023. "That day, under a blue sky with white clouds, the Greek side specially hoisted the Chinese national flag in front of the pristine FORTH building to welcome the arrival of the Chinese delegation," recalled Zhao.

During the subsequent symposium, all Greek partners attended, and all parties engaged in in-depth discussions on the development of the joint lab and cooperation in conservation technologies.

推进文保技术深度合作

在中希双方团队的共同努力下，联合实验室目前已完成中方650平方米、希方100平方米的实验室实体建设，在激光清洗、激光全息散斑干涉技术、无损检测、数字化技术等多个方向不断攻关，取得1项技术突破，研发专用装备2套，制定1项团体标准，并在雅典卫城博物馆、故宫博物院等多家单位的文物保护实践中得到示范应用。

Now, the joint lab has established facilities totaling 650 square meters on the Chinese side and 100 square meters on the Greek side.

It has formed a complete innovation chain spanning scientific research, equipment, standards and applications, achieving significant progress in multiple areas, such as laser cleaning, laser holographic speckle interferometry, non-destructive testing, and digital technologies.

激光清洗技术是中希双方合作研究的重点之一，灵沼轩的文物保护修复为双方的深度合作提供了绝佳的应用机会。作为故宫内少有的以砖石和金属为主体结构的西洋式建筑，灵沼轩在红墙黄瓦的紫禁城内是一个独特的存在。

Laser cleaning is one of the key areas of collaborative R&D. The conservation of Lingzhao Xuan provides an excellent opportunity for in-depth cooperation. Primarily constructed of masonry and metal, Lingzhao Xuan, one of the few Western-style buildings in the Forbidden City, stands out distinctively amid the red walls and yellow tiles.

“灵沼轩不仅是历史上东西建筑文化交流互鉴的见证，也是当今石质文物保护技术国际合作的‘新名片’。”故宫博物院古建部材料研究组组长段鸿莺介绍，当前中希双方正在全力研发可在故宫现场作业的激光清洗新设备。

"Lingzhao Xuan is not only a witness to historical exchanges between Eastern and Western building materials and cultures, but also a calling card for today's international cooperation in stone cultural relic conservation technologies," said Duan Hongying, section leader of the Material Science Group, Department of Architectural Heritage at the Palace Museum. Currently, the joint lab is making advances in the R&D of a new laser cleaning equipment tailored for on-site operation at the Palace Museum.

在合作中，中希双方建立了坚实的互信基础，不仅取得了令人瞩目的成果，同时还结下了深厚的友谊。

Through the collaboration, the Chinese and Greek sides have established a solid foundation of mutual trust, achieved remarkable results, and fostered deep friendship.

搭建文明交流互鉴桥梁

在希腊电子结构与激光研究所高级应用科学家、联合实验室希方负责人帕拉斯科维·普利看来，联合实验室不仅是一个跨学科的国际合作平台，也是一个多元文明交流互鉴的桥梁。

In the view of Paraskevi Pouli, senior application scientist at the IESL and Greek head of the joint lab, the joint lab is not only an interdisciplinary international collaboration platform, but also a bridge for the exchange and mutual learning among diverse civilizations.

截至目前，联合实验室已在中国建立三星堆和新疆两个工作站，联合研究机构拓展至中希两国12家单位，并承担国际标准化组织文化遗产保护技术委员会秘书处的工作。

To date, the joint lab has established two workstations in China and expanded its collaborative research institutions to 12 units across China and Greece.

“未来，联合实验室将继续深化国际技术合作，现已与阿联酋合作开展考古发掘工作，并策划在马耳他建立工作站，联合开展当地遗址、古建筑及壁画研究保护工作。”故宫博物院文保标准部主任、联合实验室常务副主任曲亮表示。

"In the future, the joint lab will continue to deepen international cooperation. It has already collaborated with the UAE on archaeological excavations and plans to establish a workstation in Malta to jointly conduct research and conservation of local sites, ancient architecture, and murals," said Qu Liang, director of the Palace Museum's Conservation Standard Department and executive deputy director of the joint lab.

在阿联酋朱尔法—阿尔马塔夫遗址考古发掘中，联合实验室对出土陶瓷成分与产地进行分析研究，为研究古代中国与阿拉伯半岛的经济文化交流提供了重要证据。

“联合实验室不仅要让中希合作方受益，更要努力成为中欧乃至世界文化遗产保护交流合作的平台，为国际文物保护科技合作与全球文明交流互鉴作出更大贡献。”曲亮说。

"The joint lab aims not only to benefit the Chinese and Greek partners but also to become an exchange and cooperation platform across China, Europe and beyond, making more contributions to international cooperation in cultural heritage conservation technology and the mutual learning among global civilizations," Qu added.

编辑：李梦一

Editor：LI Linxu & WANG Xiaolong

Executive Editor：LIANG Yilian

Supervisor：FANG Linlin

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