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发表于 2008-4-18 15:34
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束河古镇-Shuhe(Shoe Her)
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' _, ]$ a7 k( j) Y- P/ y) z中文名称：束河
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英文名称：Shuhe(Shoe Her)9 z" L) _: ]' }- s
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位 置：丽江市区北面 4 公里 距离白沙镇3公里
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海 拨：2440 米 ' e9 x0 t. H6 s7 [8 D0 Z
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门 票：50元4 k3 z, |3 X& o- T5 R, H
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景点说明：世界文化遗产丽江古城的重要组成部分，国家AAAA级风景名胜区+ E. F% H; I7 e8 t3 x
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景点简介： 4 V o* P) `( S7 ~; ~" q
% f. ~6 D+ j; \( V, S 束河，纳西语称“绍坞”，因村后聚宝山形如堆垒之高峰，以山名村，流传变异而成，意为“高峰之下的村寨”。是纳西先民在丽江坝子中最早的聚居地之一，是茶马古道上保存完好的重要集镇，也是纳西先民从农耕文明向商业文明过度的活标本，这一带是纳西族先民最早的聚居点，也是木氏上司的发祥地，从这里，可以感受到更为古朴的纳西民俗。是对外开放和马帮活动形成的集镇建设典范。 : T# d( b$ X* V% U+ b5 B4 z
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! X# M6 F" @" s- H( G 从丽江古城往北，沿中济海东侧的大路程行约四公里，便见两边山脚下一片密集的村落,这就是被称为清泉之乡的束河古镇 。当年徐霞客游芝山解脱林时,曾走过此道,在他的记述中这样写道:"过一枯涧石桥,西瞻中海,柳暗波萦,有大聚落临其上,是为十和院"。"十和"即今 束河古镇 之古称。由此可见,早在明代,这里已是丽江的重要集镇了。 束河古镇 依山傍水,民居房舍错落有致。街头有一潭水,称为"九鼎龙潭",又称"龙泉"。潭周绿柳垂地,翠柏指天,泉水清澈,游鱼可数。从潭中溢出的流水蜿蜒于村中道旁,远近汩汩有声。村庄中心有长33米、宽27米的小小四方街,与古城四方街一样可以引水冲洗。街面上的那些被人马踩踏得光溜平滑的石板,似乎还能照见往日的繁华。
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束河古镇 曾以发达的文化教育和皮革加工、竹编等手工业闻名于世。早在清朝乾隆年间, 束河古镇 就开设了由政府公助的义学馆",还有三所私塾,近、现代又创办小学、中学,使 束河古镇 成为著名的人才之乡。过去 束河古镇 村从事皮革业的有300多户,日产皮鞋500双,各种皮货远销西藏、西昌、青海等地，有的商人甚至到达印度、尼泊尔等国,故有" 束河古镇 皮匠,一根锥子走天下"之说。在宁蒗中甸、德钦，至今还有以 束河古镇 皮匠聚居而成的皮匠村。1942年, 束河古镇 皮匠村与国际工合组织合作，通过贷款、集股合资开办过"皮革合作社"。
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开通于唐代的茶马古道，从滇南经丽江直达西藏拉萨，经唐宋、元、明、清千余年的运营发展，促进了沿线各族人民的经济文化交流，束河即是丽江坝子中保存完好的驿站，1997年被列为“世界文化遗产”丽江古城的重要组成部分。
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如今,倘佯于龙泉之畔,漫步于 束河古镇 古街,总能让人感受到一股浓郁的文化气息。作为大研古城周边民居建筑的 束河古镇 民居,成了"世界文化遗产"中的一部分,吸引着各种肤色的众多游客。 0 s9 a# K8 L% s$ t; H# m4 y
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丹凤含书之地
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束河坐东朝西，背风向阳，村后山林为玉龙山南下之余脉，山形秀丽，植被茂密，白沙岩脚院有凤凰山，为丽江木氏发祥之地，至束河山形再变，呈祥瑞之象，堪舆家称为“丹凤含书之地”， 预言文化昌盛，兴旺发达。
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清泉之乡
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4 S: d! @$ K4 x e* u村北柳荫深处有九鼎、疏河两个龙潭，泉水清澈、波光闪烁，分为三河水系，沿房前屋后、菜园田边穿流而过，使束河既有山寨之奇，又有水乡之秀。
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4 Q2 F n) S) p' x4 L) h6 Z皮革之乡 ' R, \+ n/ q; ]/ H6 u; `
& @- m6 c$ P$ X! W# q由于茶马古道的发展，产生了各种商品需求，至明朝，木氏土司延聘一批江南工匠，定居束河，此后，该地成为滇、川、藏交界地域内著名的“皮匠村”，出产皮鞋、皮货、麻线、铁器、竹器等，束河工匠的足迹走遍茶马古道的每一个角落。 6 p$ R1 f0 o7 t* a! `5 ~
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农耕图腾
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耕牛在古老的村寨内健步而行，丛林般的粮架耸在青龙河畔，构成纳西族农耕文化的图腾标志。
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茶马遗迹 3 r2 m( a: {1 B/ q$ f
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古老的石桥，光滑的石板路，高突的上马石，马锅头的豪宅，还有马鞍、马铃、马灯、皮口袋、酥油桶，以及来自印度、尼泊尔、西藏的各种旧货，抚今追昔，让你浮想联翩。
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Shuhe(Shoe Her)% f& ]) V* i! e8 K- q4 H
) e; t( x! V+ s# i8 s Beam River ancient town in the ancient city of Lijiang four kilometres north-west is Naxizu pioneers in Lijiang mark in the first one where there is "Cha Ma Road," preserved an important market towns and Naxizu from commercial farming civilization to civilization transition live specimens, and the soft chime of bells to the market towns of activities forming the building model.
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) m F7 b: a0 tAncient town core protection area of about one square kilometre, there are more than 1,000 households and 3,000 people.
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( S' b! q% e6 d' A0 Q) f6 E"Cha Ma Road" from the bordering Xishuangbanna, the Dali, Lijiang, Deqen Tibet directly, through subtropical, temperate, boreal, rising to an altitude of over 8,000 meters from the shore. Is a national biological resources and ) }% I2 M! y1 C* z0 } J( H; _
" Q4 M5 ]; ]0 K% X! j9 J( d/ B1 RExtremely rich cultural resources destinations. And in this a long and magnificent line, the ancient city of Lijiang is the only one classified as "world heritage", fully demonstrated the accumulation Cha Ma ancient city of exceptional historical and cultural value.
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$ v4 B3 f' i8 W. O4 f3 y3 O6 j! oBeam River, which is an important part of the ancient city of Lijiang, it has natural scenery, folk customs, historical monuments and multicultural landscape, is the ancient city of Lijiang with complementary extension. Especially ancient town water diversion into the village way of example and markets is an important reference for the study Lijiang ancient city.
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4 P9 O4 B( Z- C8 C* pWhen Xuxiake plants from Lin Yu, had travelled the road in his account, wrote : "stone bridge over a dried up stream, looking in the West Sea, Liu dark wave wind around a large area of its clinical, and the hospital is 10." "10 and" foot beam river name. Thus, as early as the Ming Dynasty, here is an important market town of Lijiang. Beam River yard, residential building blocks. There is a street below, called "Highlights Longtan," also known as the "Longquan." Tan Week pine lowered, face that day, clear springs, fishes therein may figure. Spillover from 3,250 in the village along the river wind, near Java audio. Village center has long 33 metres, 27 metres wide small Square Street, and the ancient city of Square Street can diversion water. Those troops leaves in the streets Guangliu flat stone, but it seems as see past downtown.
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Beam River has developed educational and leather processing, wood crafts world. Back in the Qing Dynasty Qianlong period, beam River opened by the public on the help of science museum, "there are three schools near, and the creation of a modern primary school, secondary school, so that beam River became famous talents of the township. In the leather industry in the past beam village of over 300 households, 500 two-day off shoes, leather goods sell to distant places of Tibet, Xichang, and Qinghai, some businessmen and even reached India, Nepal, and other countries, it is a "beam River cobbler, a bodkin to the world" theory. Ning herb in the west, the symposium has also to beam live by the river cobbler cobbler village. 1942, beam River cobbler village cooperation with the International Organization for Cooperation through loans, sets up a joint venture unit "leather cooperatives." $ T' W6 @: T$ J) V
- p! U3 b4 v$ D* G* PNow, walk to the Crescent Longquan, stroll in the beam River Streets, always people feel a strong cultural atmosphere. As the city's largest residential construction beams River residential areas, it has become "the world's cultural heritage," part of a variety of colour attracting many tourists. ' S n) J. b) O3 Y0 K. _+ U
. d; j' m4 J/ l: r7 km away from Lijiang ancient town beam River, three kilometres from the town of Pak Sha, beam River, along the Pak Sha is the earliest settlements Naxizu ancestors, but also the birthplace wood's boss, from here, we can feel more simple folk of Nasiriyah.
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发表于 2008-4-18 15:15
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