关税的严重负面影响

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China chides US over ‘serious negative impact’ of Trump tariffs as trade talks set to begin

China has vowed to “safeguard international fairness and justice” in upcoming talks with the United States in Switzerland, the first meeting between the two countries to discuss trade war that has roiled the global economy since US president Donald Trump unveiled sweeping tariffs last month.

China’s vice-premier He Lifeng will meet US treasury secretary Scott Bessent on the sidelines of meetings in Switzerland between 9 and 12 May. US trade representative Jamieson Greer will also attend.

China’s commerce ministry said on Wednesday the agreement to talk followed the US side taking the initiative to approach China. Beijing and Washington have presented conflicting accounts about which side initiated talks. China said it agreed to send He for talks after a consideration of “Chinese interests and the appeals of US industry and consumers”.

“If the US wants to resolve the issue through negotiation, it must face the serious negative impact of unilateral tariff measures on itself and the world,” China’s commerce ministry said.

Bessent said on Tuesday the talks would be focused on de-escalating the trade war, rather than negotiating any deal.

We will agree what we’re going to talk about. My sense is that this will be about de-escalation, not about the big trade deal,” Bessent told Fox news. “This isn’t sustainable,” he said.

Since Trump took office in January, he has unleashed a wave of tariffs on China and other countries, which risk upending the global economic order and undermining the foundation of stable relations between the world’s two largest economies.

US tariffs on Chinese imports have now reached 145%, with Chinese counter-tariffs reaching 125%. Both sides have implemented a number of exemptions to soften the blow on their respective economies.

The US exempted smartphones and some other electrical products, following reports that the price of an iPhone in the US could increase by more than 40%.

China, meanwhile, has exempted select pharmaceuticals, microchips and aircraft engines, along with other undisclosed items that are reportedly being included on a “whitelist” that has not been made public.

But the economic impact of the trade war remains severe. China’s factory activity slowed in April, which analysts said reflected the trade war making it much harder to ship goods to the US. This month the US also closed a loophole that had allowed low-value goods to be shipped to the US free, a regime which had generated $66bn for the Chinese economy in 2023, according to a report from the US Congress.

The World Trade Organization estimates that Chinese exports to the US, which were worth $440bn last year, will fall by 77% this year if the tariffs remain in place.

China has repeatedly vowed to “fight to the end” in the trade war, with leaders betting their country can withstand more economic pain if necessary than Americans would be willing to tolerate.

Beijing is also trying to woo other countries, presenting itself as a stable partner in contrast to a capricious US. “China notes that some economies are also in talks with the US,” China said on Wednesday. “We need to stress that appeasement cannot be turned into peace, and compromise cannot be respected”.

在贸易谈判即将开始时，中国指责美国特朗普关税的“严重负面影响

中国誓言在即将在瑞士与美国举行的会谈中“维护国际公平和正义”，这是自美国总统唐纳德·特朗普上个月公布全面关税以来，两国首次举行会议讨论扰乱全球经济的贸易战。

中国国务院副总理何立峰将于5月9日至12日在瑞士会晤期间会见美国财政部长贝森特，美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔也将出席。

中国商务部周三表示，在达成会谈协议之前，美方主动与中国接触。北京和华盛顿对哪一方发起了谈判提出了相互矛盾的说法。中国表示，在考虑了“中国的利益以及美国工业界和消费者的诉求”后，同意派何建奎进行会谈。

“如果美国想通过谈判解决问题，就必须面对单边关税措施对自身和世界的严重负面影响，”中国商务部表示。

贝森特周二表示，谈判将侧重于缓和贸易战，而不是谈判任何协议。

“我们将就我们将要讨论的内容达成一致。我的感觉是，这将是关于缓和局势，而不是关于大贸易协议，“贝森特告诉福克斯新闻。“这是不可持续的，”他说。

自特朗普1月上任以来，他对中国和其他国家征收了一波关税，这有可能颠覆全球经济秩序，破坏世界两个最大经济体之间稳定关系的基础。

美国对中国进口商品的关税现已达到 145%，中国的反关税达到 125%。双方都实施了多项豁免，以减轻对各自经济的打击。

美国豁免了智能手机和其他一些电子产品，此前有报道称美国 iPhone 的价格可能会上涨 40% 以上。

与此同时，中国已豁免部分药品、微芯片和飞机发动机，以及其他据报道被列入“白名单”但尚未公开的未披露项目。

但贸易战的经济影响仍然很严重。中国4 月份的工厂活动放缓，分析师表示，这反映了贸易战使向美国运送货物变得更加困难。根据美国国会的一份报告，本月，美国还堵住了一个漏洞，该漏洞允许低价值商品免费运往美国，该制度在 2023 年为中国经济创造了 660 亿美元的收入。

世界贸易组织估计，如果关税继续实施，中国对美国的出口去年价值 4400 亿美元，今年将下降 77%。

中国一再发誓要在贸易战中“战斗到底”，领导人押注他们的国家在必要时可以承受比美国人愿意容忍的更多的经济痛苦。

北京也试图拉拢其他国家，将自己描绘成一个稳定的合作伙伴，而不是反复无常的美国。“中国注意到一些经济体也在与美国进行谈判，”中国周三表示。“我们需要强调，绥靖政策不能转化为和平，妥协也不能得到尊重”。